경인행정학회

키워드

초록

민주주의와 국가 운영에 필수적인 여러 기관들이 정치엘리트들과 대중에게 공공연히 불신의 대상으로 지목되고 있다. 그러나 과연 누가 어떤 기관을 불신하거나 신뢰하는지에 대해서는 아직 충분히 규명되지 않았다. 기존 연구들은 정치 신뢰의 결정 요인으로 승자-패자 효과와 당파적 지지 효과를 확인하였으나, 정치 신뢰를 다차원적으로 측정했을 때 이러한 효과가 신뢰의 대상이 되는 기관에 따라 어떻게 나타나는지는 경험적으로 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 연구는 2025년 6월 제21대 대통령 선거 직후 실시된 전국 조사 자료를 활용하여, 한국 유권자들의 정치 신뢰가 어떠한 다차원적 구조를 갖는지를 경험적으로 분석하였다. 요인분석 결과, 정치 신뢰는 단일한 지표가 아니라 세 차원으로 나뉜 다차원적 구조를 갖는다는 점을 확인하였다. 이어 회귀분석을 통해 대선에서의 투표 선택이 이 세 차원 모두에서 통계적으로 유의미한 변수임이 드러났다. 이러한 결과는 한국의 정치 신뢰가 당파성과 긴밀하게 연결되어 있으며, 당파적 입장에 따라 신뢰하는 차원과 불신하는 차원이 갈리는 신뢰의 정치화 현상이 나타난다는 것을 시사한다.

Recently, institutions essential to democracy and state governance—despite their differing functions and roles—have increasingly been singled out by political elites and the public as objects of distrust. Yet we still know little about who trusts—or distrusts—which institutions. Drawing on survey data collected in June 2025 immediately after Korea’s 21st presidential election, this paper shows that citizens do not apply a single criterion when evaluating state institutions; rather, institutions that receive similar evaluations cluster into distinct dimensions, revealing a multidimensional structure. We also find clear partisan alignment: vote choice is closely linked to trust in specific institutions. Taken together, these findings provide empirical evidence of the strong politicization of political trust in contemporary Korea and show that partisan alignment in trust varies across institutions in ways that reflect their characteristics.

목차

I. 서론
II. 기존 문헌 검토
III. 연구 데이터와 분석 방법
IV. 예비분석 결과: 기관별 신뢰 수준 비교
V. 분석 결과
VI. 결론

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